PRADHAN MANTRI VANBANDHU KALYAN YOJANA
PRADHAN MANTRI VANBANDHU KALYAN YOJANA
Union Minister Shri Durgadas Uikey informed Lok Sabha that Pre-Matric Scholarship for STs, Post-Matric Scholarship for STs, Development of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)/ Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN), Support to Tribal Research Institute, Administrative Assistance for Project Management Units and Pradhan Mantri Adi Adarsh Gram Yojna (PMAAGY) revamped as DhartiAabaJanjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan (DAJGUA) are welfare schemes under the umbrella of Pradhan Mantri Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana (PMVKY).
Government is implementing Development Action Plan for Scheduled Tribes (DAPST) as a strategy for the development of Scheduled Tribes and areas having tribal concentration in the country including the Dahod District of Gujarat. Besides Ministry of Tribal Affairs, 41 Ministries/Departments are allocating certain percentage of their total scheme budget every year for tribal development under DAPST to bridge the developmental gap between Scheduled Tribes (STs) and non-ST populations and for various tribal development projects relating to education, health, agriculture, irrigation, roads, housing, electrification, employment generation, skill development, etc. Schemes along-with funds allocated by the obligated Ministries/Departments for the welfare of Scheduled Tribes are given at Statement 10B of Expenditure Profile of Union Budget document in the link: https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/doc/eb/stat10b.pdf.
State Governments are also supposed to earmark TSP funds with respect to the total Scheme allocation, in proportion to ST population (Census 2011) in the State. The details of allocation and expenditure for TSP by States/UTs out of their own funds are available at: https://statetsp.tribal.gov.in.
The Ministry has undertaken two missions for development of STs through convergence of funds available with different Ministries/Departments under DAPST namely – Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi NyayMaha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN) and DhartiAabaJanjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyaan.
PM JANMAN: Government launched Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN) for socio-economic development of 75 PVTG communities residing in 18 states and one UT. The mission aims to provide basic facilities such as safe housing, clean drinking water and improved access to education, health and nutrition, road and telecom connectivity, electrification of unelectrified households and sustainable livelihood opportunities in 3 years. These objectives are planned to be met through 11 interventions including Hostels and Mobile Medical Units (MMUs) implemented by 9-line Ministries. PM JANMAN has total budgetary outlay of Rs.24,104 Cr (Central share: ₹15336 Cr and State share: ₹8768 Cr).
DhartiAabaJanjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan (DAJGUA) : Hon’ble PM launched DhartiAabaJanjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan (DAJGUA) on 2nd October, 2024. The Abhiyan comprises of 25 interventions implemented by 17-line Ministries and aims to saturate infrastructural gaps in 63,843 villages, improve access to health, education, Anganwadi facilities and providing livelihood opportunities etc benefiting more than 5 crore tribals in 549 districts and 2,911 blocks in 30 States/UTs in 5 years. The Abhiyan has total budgetary outlay of Rs.79,156 Cr (Central share: ₹56,333 Cr and State share: ₹22,823 Cr).
Committees have been formulated at the State, District, and Block levels to ensure effective implementation, coordination, and monitoring of the DhartiAabaJanjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan. At the State level, a State-Level Apex Committee (SLAC) chaired by the Chief Secretary has been constituted. At the District level, a District-Level Committee, chaired by the District Collector and at the Block level, a Block-Level Implementation Teams (BLITs) comprising officers from various departments have been set up to facilitate grassroots implementation of interventions.
NITI Aayog undertakes evaluation of CS and CSS schemes respectively through third-party agencies to assess their effectiveness and implementation. NITI Aayog has conducted an Evaluation Study for the EFC cycle which ended in FY 2024–25. The schemes evaluated include Pradhan Mantri Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana (PMVKY), PM JANMAN (development of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups), Pre-Matric and Post-Matric Scholarships for ST students, and Support to Tribal Research Institutes (TRIs). Some key findings are summarized below:
• Pre-Matric and Post-Matric Scholarship Schemes for ST students have played an important role in improving access to education and supporting continuity in schooling and higher education among tribal students. However, delays in fund release and scholarship disbursement remain a major challenge. Limited awareness among beneficiaries and difficulties in the application and renewal process were also reported. Strengthening grievance redressal systems, simplifying procedures, and improving outreach mechanisms are necessary to enhance effectiveness.
• Pradhan Mantri Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana (PMVKY) has contributed to infrastructure development and improved service delivery in tribal areas through convergence of various sectoral interventions. The scheme has helped address gaps in education, health, livelihood, and infrastructure in tribal regions. However, variations in implementation across states, delays in fund utilization, and limited monitoring at the grassroots level have affected outcomes. Strengthening coordination among departments and improving monitoring frameworks are required to enhance the scheme’s impact.
• PM JANMAN (development interventions for Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups) has improved access to infrastructure and basic services in PVTG areas and has enhanced coverage of welfare schemes among these communities. Beneficiaries reported improved access to housing, connectivity, and social services. However, gaps remain in awareness, service delivery, and convergence of schemes at the local level. Improved coordination among implementing agencies and targeted outreach to remote habitations are necessary for better outcomes.
• Support to Tribal Research Institutes (TRIs) remains highly relevant for policy research, documentation of tribal culture, and evidence-based policymaking for tribal development. However, the evaluation highlights issues such as staff shortages, limited research capacity, and delays in fund utilization. There is a need to strengthen institutional capacity, improve research quality, enhance collaboration with academic institutions, and establish stronger monitoring mechanisms so that TRIs can function as effective knowledge and policy support centres for tribal development.
Overall, the evaluation notes that while the schemes have contributed significantly to tribal welfare and development, improvements are required in awareness generation, fund flow mechanisms, monitoring systems, and convergence among schemes to ensure more effective implementation and better outcomes in tribal areas.
(f): During the year FY 2025-26, several significant initiatives were organised in Gujarat to promote tribal literature, culture, and community welfare. Key events included the National Level Tribal Writer Conclave on Tribal Literature, Art, Culture and Tradition; a series of 31 awareness programmes for tribal communities and Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) across eight tribal-dominated districts—Narmada, Bharuch, Tapi, Surat, Valsad, Dang, Banaskantha and Aravalli—covering Sickle Cell Anemia screening, health camps, skill development, career guidance, awareness of educational schemes, organic farming, and water management; and the integration of tribal art and cultural forms such as Rathwa Dance, Pithora Painting, and Bamboo Handicraft into the academic curriculum at Adi Vishwavidyalaya.
As a best practice, the Tribal Writer Conclave witnessed participation of over 200 academicians and researchers, with 35 research papers presented, fostering scholarly dialogue and strengthening the institutional capacities of TRI Gujarat. The awareness programmessensitised 3,580 beneficiaries, including youth and women, on key developmental themes. Further, under the Adi Sanskriti Portal and Adi Sampada initiatives, more than 100 topics related to tribal heritage were incorporated into a Tribal Digital e-Academy platform, ensuring sustainable preservation, documentation, and wider recognition of Gujarat’s tribal cultural legacy.