Unemployability and Skill Training In Rural Regions
Unemployability and Skill Training In Rural Regions
As per the India Skill Report 2024 of Wheebox (a private organization), the overall young employability in India was 51.25 percent in 2024, as compared to 40.44 percent in 2017. As per the latest estimates of Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS), conducted by the National Sample Survey Office, the unemployment rate on usual status for person of age 15-59 years in rural areas has decreased from 5.7 percent in 2017-18 to 2.8 percent in 2023-24.
In order to improve employability of youth of the country, the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) under Skill India Mission (SIM), delivers skill, re-skill and up-skill training through an extensive network of skill development centres under various schemes, viz. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), Jan Shikshan Sansthan (JSS), National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) and Craftsman Training Scheme (CTS) through Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs), to all the sections of the society across the country. The SIM aims at enabling youth of India to get future ready & industry ready skills.
To align the training programs as per the market needs, catering the need for skill training in new age skills like AI, IoT and Robotics, etc, and thereby improving the employability of trainees, MSDE has taken the following specific steps:
Funds are not released directly to the districts under any schemes of MSDE. Funds under PMKVY are released to implementing agencies for meeting the training cost as per prescribed norms. Under JSS scheme, funds are released to Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) directly.
Under NAPS, stipend support up to Rs 1500/- per month is released to apprentices through DBT and not to establishments covered. Day to day administration as well as financial control in respect of ITIs lies with the respective State Government/ UT Administration. State-wise details of the funds released for implementation of PMKVY and JSS during the last three years are at Annexure.
Annexure
State-wise details of the funds released for implementation of PMKVY and JSS during the last three years:
(a) PMKVY
Rs. in Crore
State/UT
2022-23
2023-24
2024-25
A & N Islands
0.09
0.32
0.84
Andhra Pradesh
4.88
33.74
15.95
Arunachal Pradesh
1.92
6.86
5.41
Assam
15.97
46.36
42.21
Bihar
16.57
25.26
62.33
Chandigarh
0.26
0.64
0.57
Chhattisgarh
3.18
12.65
8.37
DNH & DD
0.01
0.31
0.90
Delhi
6.06
12.42
19.50
Goa
0.07
0.57
0.07
Gujarat
4.61
17.63
18.79
Haryana
5.00
27.34
58.23
Himachal Pradesh
3.03
10.92
14.46
Jammu and Kashmir
17.78
28.27
69.30
Jharkhand
5.87
15.01
19.71
Karnataka
4.08
16.57
33.19
Kerala
4.65
8.83
4.36
Ladakh
0.42
2.38
0.59
Madhya Pradesh
21.76
43.93
205.84
Maharashtra
10.02
55.35
44.44
Manipur
2.38
5.69
10.08
Meghalaya
0.52
4.32
4.36
Mizoram
1.25
3.06
2.75
Nagaland
2.95
3.47
4.27
Odisha
6.84
24.40
14.31
Puducherry
0.50
2.20
1.24
Punjab
5.76
28.52
104.17
Rajasthan
11.98
57.65
292.42
Sikkim
0.84
3.11
1.26
Tamil nadu
6.44
39.73
63.08
Telangana
4.29
21.83
11.07
Tripura
1.88
6.30
8.94
Uttar Pradesh
24.31
94.26
352.64
Uttarakhand
5.03
10.36
26.37
West Bengal
7.51
23.02
16.28
Overall
208.69
693.29
1,538.29
(b) Jan Shikshan Sansthan:
Rs. in Crore
State/UT
2022-23
2023-24
2024-25
A & N Islands
0.50
0.50
0.50
Andhra Pradesh
3.31
3.36
2.99
Arunachal
0.00
0.00
0.00
Assam
2.74
2.74
2.90
Bihar
11.90
11.69
10.11
Chandigarh
0.52
0.56
0.48
Chhattisgarh
7.61
7.34
6.74
DNH And D&D
0.95
0.96
0.75
Delhi
1.68
1.68
1.50
Goa
0.56
0.55
0.48
Gujarat
4.79
4.48
3.84
Haryana
2.15
2.20
0.97
Himachal Pradesh
5.71
5.72
4.70
Jammu & Kashmir
0.13
0.25
0.38
Jharkhand
5.72
6.31
6.04
Karnataka
6.51
6.63
5.86
Kerala
5.01
5.04
4.45
Ladakh
0.46
0.25
0.00
Lakshadweep
0.50
0.46
0.38
Madhya Pradesh
14.94
15.03
14.11
Maharashtra
11.31
11.46
10.27
Manipur
2.23
2.18
2.00
Meghalaya
0.50
0.50
0.50
Mizoram
0.56
0.52
0.48
Nagaland
0.64
0.63
0.25
Odisha
15.38
15.19
14.38
Punjab
1.05
0.99
0.98
Rajasthan
4.29
4.52
4.30
Tamil Nadu
4.06
4.32
4.27
Telangana
3.20
3.24
2.89
Tripura
1.07
1.02
0.97
Uttar Pradesh
25.79
26.03
23.29
Uttarakhand
4.64
4.34
3.97
West Bengal
4.25
3.69
3.81
Total
154.66
154.38
139.55
This information was given by the Minister of State (Independent Charge), Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE), Shri Jayant Chaudhary in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha today.
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- 36 Sector Skill Councils (SSCs), led by industry leaders in the respective sectors, have been set up which are mandated to identify the skill development needs of respective sectors as well as to determine skill competency standards. NSDC, under the Market led program, provides support to training providers that collaborate and align skill courses with industry demand.
- DGT is implementing Flexi MoU Scheme and Dual System of Training (DST) which are meant to provide training to ITI students in industrial environment as per their requirements.
- Under PMKVY, the new age/future skills job-roles have been specially aligned with Industry 4.0 requirements in areas like AI/ML, Robotics, Mechatronics, Drone Technology, etc. for upcoming market demand and industry requirements.
- Director General of Training (DGT) under the aegis of MSDE has introduced 31 new age/future skills courses in Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) and National Skill Training Institutes (NSTIs) under CTS to provide training in emerging areas such as Artificial Intelligence, Mechatronics, Internet of Things, Cybersecurity, Semiconductor, etc.
- DGT has signed MoU with IT Tech companies like IBM, CISCO, Future Skill Rights Network, Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft to ensure industry linkages for the institutes at the state and regional levels under Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives. These partnerships facilitate the provision of technical and professional skills training in modern technologies.
- Indian Institutes of Skills (IIS) established at Ahmedabad and Mumbai, in Public Private Partnership (PPP) Mode, provide training to crate industry-ready workforce for Industry 4.0, equipped with cutting-edge technology and hands-on training.
- National Skill Development Corporation under the aegis of MSDE has partnered with a number of international organizations such as AWS, Microsoft, Intel, Redhat, Pearson VUE, Boston Consulting Group (BCG), Cisco Networking Academy for providing digital courses.
- Further, Rozgar Melas and Pradhan Mantri National Apprenticeship Melas (PMNAMs) have been organized to facilitate the placements and apprenticeship opportunities to the certified candidates.
- MSDE has launched Skill India Digital Hub (SIDH) a unified platform that integrates skilling, education, employment, and entrepreneurship ecosystems to provide a life-long array of services targeting a wide range of stakeholders. The details of the trained candidates are available on SIDH portal for connecting with potential employers. Through Skill India Digital Hub, candidates can have access to jobs and apprenticeship opportunities.